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<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/cuda command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/omp command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit/cuda command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit/omp command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/cuda command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/gpu command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/opt command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long/omp command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm command 
</H3>
<H3>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm/omp command 
</H3>
<P><B>Syntax:</B>
</P>
<PRE>pair_style style args 
</PRE>
<UL><LI>style = <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm</I> or <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit</I> or <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I> or <I>lj/charmm/coul/msm</I>
<LI>args = list of arguments for a particular style 
</UL>
<PRE>  <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm</I> args = inner outer (inner2) (outer2)
    inner, outer = global switching cutoffs for Lennard Jones (and Coulombic if only 2 args)
    inner2, outer2 = global switching cutoffs for Coulombic (optional)
  <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit</I> args = inner outer (inner2) (outer2)
    inner, outer = global switching cutoffs for LJ (and Coulombic if only 2 args)
    inner2, outer2 = global switching cutoffs for Coulombic (optional)
  <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I> args = inner outer (cutoff)
    inner, outer = global switching cutoffs for LJ (and Coulombic if only 2 args)
    cutoff = global cutoff for Coulombic (optional, outer is Coulombic cutoff if only 2 args)
  <I>lj/charmm/coul/msm</I> args = inner outer (cutoff)
    inner, outer = global switching cutoffs for LJ (and Coulombic if only 2 args)
    cutoff = global cutoff for Coulombic (optional, outer is Coulombic cutoff if only 2 args) 
</PRE>
<P><B>Examples:</B>
</P>
<PRE>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm 8.0 10.0
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm 8.0 10.0 7.0 9.0
pair_coeff * * 100.0 2.0
pair_coeff 1 1 100.0 2.0 150.0 3.5 
</PRE>
<PRE>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit 8.0 10.0
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit 8.0 10.0 7.0 9.0
pair_coeff * * 100.0 2.0
pair_coeff 1 1 100.0 2.0 150.0 3.5 
</PRE>
<PRE>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long 8.0 10.0
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/long 8.0 10.0 9.0
pair_coeff * * 100.0 2.0
pair_coeff 1 1 100.0 2.0 150.0 3.5 
</PRE>
<PRE>pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm 8.0 10.0
pair_style lj/charmm/coul/msm 8.0 10.0 9.0
pair_coeff * * 100.0 2.0
pair_coeff 1 1 100.0 2.0 150.0 3.5 
</PRE>
<P><B>Description:</B>
</P>
<P>The <I>lj/charmm</I> styles compute LJ and Coulombic interactions with an
additional switching function S(r) that ramps the energy and force
smoothly to zero between an inner and outer cutoff.  It is a widely
used potential in the <A HREF = "http://www.scripps.edu/brooks">CHARMM</A> MD code.
See <A HREF = "#MacKerell">(MacKerell)</A> for a description of the CHARMM force
field.
</P>
<CENTER><IMG SRC = "Eqs/pair_charmm.jpg">
</CENTER>
<P>Both the LJ and Coulombic terms require an inner and outer cutoff.
They can be the same for both formulas or different depending on
whether 2 or 4 arguments are used in the pair_style command.  In each
case, the inner cutoff distance must be less than the outer cutoff.
It it typical to make the difference between the 2 cutoffs about 1.0
Angstrom.
</P>
<P>Style <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit</I> computes the same formulas as
style <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm</I> except that an additional 1/r term is
included in the Coulombic formula.  The Coulombic energy thus varies
as 1/r^2.  This is effectively a distance-dependent dielectric term
which is a simple model for an implicit solvent with additional
screening.  It is designed for use in a simulation of an unsolvated
biomolecule (no explicit water molecules).
</P>
<P>Styles <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I> and <I>lj/charmm/coul/msm</I> compute the same
formulas as style <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm</I> except that an additional
damping factor is applied to the Coulombic term, as described for the
<A HREF = "pair_lj.html">lj/cut</A> pair styles.  Only one Coulombic cutoff is
specified for <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I> and <I>lj/charmm/coul/msm</I>; if only
2 arguments are used in the pair_style command, then the outer LJ
cutoff is used as the single Coulombic cutoff.
</P>
<P>The following coefficients must be defined for each pair of atoms
types via the <A HREF = "pair_coeff.html">pair_coeff</A> command as in the examples
above, or in the data file or restart files read by the
<A HREF = "read_data.html">read_data</A> or <A HREF = "read_restart.html">read_restart</A>
commands, or by mixing as described below:
</P>
<UL><LI>epsilon (energy units)
<LI>sigma (distance units)
<LI>epsilon_14 (energy units)
<LI>sigma_14 (distance units) 
</UL>
<P>Note that sigma is defined in the LJ formula as the zero-crossing
distance for the potential, not as the energy minimum at 2^(1/6)
sigma.
</P>
<P>The latter 2 coefficients are optional.  If they are specified, they
are used in the LJ formula between 2 atoms of these types which are
also first and fourth atoms in any dihedral.  No cutoffs are specified
because this CHARMM force field does not allow varying cutoffs for
individual atom pairs; all pairs use the global cutoff(s) specified in
the pair_style command.
</P>
<HR>

<P>Styles with a <I>cuda</I>, <I>gpu</I>, <I>omp</I>, or <I>opt</I> suffix are functionally
the same as the corresponding style without the suffix.  They have
been optimized to run faster, depending on your available hardware, as
discussed in <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html">Section_accelerate</A> of the
manual.  The accelerated styles take the same arguments and should
produce the same results, except for round-off and precision issues.
</P>
<P>These accelerated styles are part of the USER-CUDA, GPU, USER-OMP and OPT
packages, respectively.  They are only enabled if LAMMPS was built with
those packages.  See the <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_3">Making LAMMPS</A>
section for more info.
</P>
<P>You can specify the accelerated styles explicitly in your input script
by including their suffix, or you can use the <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_7">-suffix command-line
switch</A> when you invoke LAMMPS, or you can
use the <A HREF = "suffix.html">suffix</A> command in your input script.
</P>
<P>See <A HREF = "Section_accelerate.html">Section_accelerate</A> of the manual for
more instructions on how to use the accelerated styles effectively.
</P>
<HR>

<P><B>Mixing, shift, table, tail correction, restart, rRESPA info</B>:
</P>
<P>For atom type pairs I,J and I != J, the epsilon, sigma, epsilon_14,
and sigma_14 coefficients for all of the lj/charmm pair styles can be
mixed.  The default mix value is <I>arithmetic</I> to coincide with the
usual settings for the CHARMM force field.  See the "pair_modify"
command for details.
</P>
<P>None of the lj/charmm pair styles support the
<A HREF = "pair_modify.html">pair_modify</A> shift option, since the Lennard-Jones
portion of the pair interaction is smoothed to 0.0 at the cutoff.
</P>
<P>The <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I> style supports the
<A HREF = "pair_modify.html">pair_modify</A> table option since it can tabulate the
short-range portion of the long-range Coulombic interaction.
</P>
<P>None of the lj/charmm pair styles support the
<A HREF = "pair_modify.html">pair_modify</A> tail option for adding long-range tail
corrections to energy and pressure, since the Lennard-Jones portion of
the pair interaction is smoothed to 0.0 at the cutoff.
</P>
<P>All of the lj/charmm pair styles write their information to <A HREF = "restart.html">binary
restart files</A>, so pair_style and pair_coeff commands do
not need to be specified in an input script that reads a restart file.
</P>
<P>The lj/charmm/coul/long pair style supports the use of the <I>inner</I>,
<I>middle</I>, and <I>outer</I> keywords of the <A HREF = "run_style.html">run_style respa</A>
command, meaning the pairwise forces can be partitioned by distance at
different levels of the rRESPA hierarchy.  The other styles only
support the <I>pair</I> keyword of run_style respa.  See the
<A HREF = "run_style.html">run_style</A> command for details.
</P>
<HR>

<P><B>Restrictions:</B>
</P>
<P>The <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm</I> and <I>lj/charmm/coul/charmm/implicit</I>
styles are part of the MOLECULE package.  The <I>lj/charmm/coul/long</I>
style is part of the KSPACE package.  They are only enabled if LAMMPS
was built with those packages.  See the <A HREF = "Section_start.html#start_3">Making
LAMMPS</A> section for more info.  Note that
the MOLECULE and KSPACE packages are installed by default.
</P>
<P><B>Related commands:</B>
</P>
<P><A HREF = "pair_coeff.html">pair_coeff</A>
</P>
<P><B>Default:</B> none
</P>
<HR>

<A NAME = "MacKerell"></A>

<P><B>(MacKerell)</B> MacKerell, Bashford, Bellott, Dunbrack, Evanseck, Field,
Fischer, Gao, Guo, Ha, et al, J Phys Chem, 102, 3586 (1998).
</P>
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